Non-Time and Hauntology

[Allegro]

I’m still pondering and studying artistic performances that I believe are hauntological expressions, posted as good faith depictions of what I’ve presumed them to be.
_________________


^ Story of a Wall | Epilogue by Sébastien Marqué

From VIMEO NOTES. A wall was constructed in Nantes’ city center for artists including painters, graffiti artists, videographers, and dancers who made appointments from June 28 to September 1, 2013, to create the next mural.

_________________
By reading this thread, and its companion thread, the following video, in context of uninterrupted viewing, could create dramatic impacts for some people. Memories and feelings associated with them underpin observers’ hauntological points of view accompanied by questions like, “Can humans know or understand?” The visual and performance and performing arts I believe are manifesting translations from which peoples within current historical, Western developments may, in some ways, observe economic and psychological concerted selves, and respond accordingly.

_________________
This full-length has nine acts with credits as they were seen at the end of the above epilogue.


^ Histoire d'un Mur | L'intégrale
Pick Up Production © 2013

[Allegro]

... but remember, "Satire is a sort of echo, wherein listeners hear through the past, darkly."

[8bitagent]

I normally cannot stand car commercials, but this one is brilliant. Really should win awards. And pretty much shows how absolutely hideously lame 2013 is compared to the look and feel of the 1950's, 60's, 80's, 90's and yes, even the 70's.

[IanEye]

*



in a castle dark
or a fortress strong
with chains upon my feet
you know that ghost is me

&

eye will never be set free
as long as i'm a ghost
that you can't see

*

[Allegro]

So, okay, how can this current musical reality be described? Are we able to describe the various audiences of listeners? Somewhat, I think, but our expectations and narratives would only last a short while, because today’s composers are probably working as fast as they can, producing new sounds electronically, reorganizing traditional musical structures and chordal progressions in ways that targeted audiences will hear something that’s familiar, however faintly sometimes, while hearing the whole of the composition as different from all other groups’ performances. That right there reaches into the complexities of the hauntological, I believe at the moment, which reaches into the not always unknown worlds of aesthetics of economics, geopolitics (perhaps), and the performing arts.

It’s complicated, if a reader wishes it to be, and I do, which brings us to the next of a few submissions I’m readying for posts.

If you can manage the time, the word count of 4100+ essay in the next comment space might be worth your while, yet the writing does not always, in my opinion, meld the original Swedish writer’s experiences and thoughts—I speak presumptively, too. He doesn’t mention the word hauntology, but it’s veiled, and that’s what I like. I enjoy intuiting aesthetics rather than being blasted with opinions and interpretations, though in the beginning, where would we have been without those whose solid musicality with knowledge gleaned experientially quite frankly qualify them to speak? Here’s a simplified answer: listen to music, then listen again without listening to music, read material and choose your thoughts, because our ideas may change, however they are to change, at any moment while listening to today’s compositions.

Anyway, I love curiosity and mystery, which is why I appreciate the aesthetics exposed by essayists whose help would potentially pose still another suggestion that could even a little bit change my mind in an instant .

I’ve been mulling for some time the enjoyment of future’s music being heard, right now, these days. I could’ve been thinking however that right now isn’t the future, and to enjoy an approaching future, we might together musically presume, would be a digression from listening to music that has been created for our enjoyment today; further, as if to feel soaked in music; to listen to music right now, which was composed and recorded last year and released this year is to enjoy an anticipation of compositions being created now for performances next year and the next: highlighting, of course, the current hierarchical branders’ labeling from the outset as well as branders who were present before the present.

Honestly, hauntology is a luxury, and I’ve found it a fascinating journal and listening experiment, to be sure.

~ A.

[Allegro]

How Music Takes Place: Excerpts From “The Post-digital Manifesto”
e-flux.com, Rasmus Fleischer | Original pdf, 10 pp.

How to decide what music to listen to? Presented with boundless access, this is the perpetual question today. The standard response is to propose the use of automated systems of recommendation. Instead of spending all that time choosing music ourselves, we could just let software identify patterns in the statistical data we have left in our trail. Next, this software goes on to offer us radio stations specially tailored to our individual preferences, stations which often prove themselves shockingly adept at opening our ears to music we didn’t even knew we liked. In spite of this, the underlying principles of these recommendation systems remain quite primitive. “Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought …” is the basic functionality, familiar from online bookstores. At the center of it all we find the individual, whose preferences are to be compressed and reduced into a statistical profile.

Why assume that preferences come firmly lodged in the individual? The transitory bodily relations to music are constantly being reshaped, suggesting that what we usually call “personal taste” might be better understood as an aggregate of the supra- and the sub-personal. The everyday musical choices we make are influenced by factors like time of day, day of week, or season of the year. Other factors include weather, metabolism, intoxication, and the almost random way in which various sensory inputs seem to trigger associations with our earlier personal musical experiences. But above and beyond anything else, it is the people around us who exert the biggest influence on our musical choices—in our relations, through our desires. It is never the case that people who get together automatically and iteratively start to adjust their presumed internal preferences until a mix arrives that makes everyone happy. In real-life situations calling for musical selection, direct democratic ideals must remain inapplicable.

1.

Music unfolds in the charged field separating the opposing poles of responsibility and irresponsibility. If there is no one present who is willing to step forward and assume responsibility for what is played, then it can scarcely be held that there is any music taking place at all. In such a situation, it would be more accurate to say that the room is being drowned in Muzak. And, on the other hand, if full responsibility were assumed by everyone—something verging on the hypothetical—no one would dare make a sound. The situation turns into silence, albeit a musical one. In musical improvisation, aiming for such a state of full and collective responsibility might be possible. And if that aim ever gets fulfilled, the music will have ended, with everybody present reverently holding their breath.

In the impulse to set the tone, to proceed from silence into the beginning of a new tune, there will also inherently be a backing off from individual responsibility. The first riffs of a saxophonist, the first beat of a drummer, the first track laid down by a DJ—these are all actions that cannot be justified on their own merits, precisely because they are (and must be) clichés. In order for music to begin, its initiators must temporarily cloak themselves in something recognizable. Here, the overflow of associations generated by any given musical genre makes for a lot of material for cloaking. The musician might choose to hide behind the name of a famous composer, behind stage clothes, or behind the mythic persona of an artist. In those first few bars of music, there must always be a relinquishing of responsibility, even if only momentarily.

Responsibility only makes its appearance at the moment when one individual starts to imitate the other. This might happen through a body swaying to the rhythm, or the voice which joins in on the chorus. The cliché, now turned into a musical springboard, presents itself as a profusion of possible associations; trying to imitate them all inside an event anchored in time and duration is simply impossible. Repetition therefore becomes something more than a source of clichés; in every repetition there is selection, and in every selection there is difference. This is what makes it possible for music to rise above the level of the cliché.

These lessons, derived from the musical situation, might successfully be applied to another situation in which the concept of responsibility becomes central: politics. The turn of the nineteenth century saw the instigation of the parallel construction of parliaments and concert houses, functioning as political and musical temples for the rising bourgeoisie. The philharmonic (conductor–orchestra–audience) mirrors the democratic (chief of state–parliament–citizen); both are images of an idealized distribution of responsibilities, and both promise the future abrogation of all dissonances in one final chord of harmony.

The introduction of ever-more efficient forms of mass media meant dramatic changes for the worlds of politics and music. During the twentieth century, these new technologies came to serve as dominant filtering systems that managed the new surplus of opinions, presenting the end-consumer with a processed selection that consisted of a worldview accessible to the single individual. However, by the year 2000 it became obvious that mass media was struggling to maintain its position in this system. Now it is up to us to construct new technologies of selection and to make sense of this surplus of opinions.

That which we call politics will always involve, much like music, some kind of oscillation between responsibility and irresponsibility. If no one assumes personal responsibility for his or her actions, this could hardly be called politics; a better name for it would be administration. Most of what the media reports on as “politics” is predicated on the systematic shunning of responsibility, and the conjured phantasms (like “public opinion” or “the economy”) can therefore hardly be considered worthy of the name.

If all of us did the very opposite of this—taking full responsibility and acknowledging our complicity in the course of world events—the result would be a situation that could only be understood as a kind of revolution. Revolution not in the sense of some sudden outburst of militant action, but simply as a sort of electric, tremulous calm: nothing happens, nothing is planned, and no work is carried out—a concept in line with the idea of the general strike championed for so long by anarcho-syndicalists. It is a singularity beyond politics, but yet, as it subsides, it reveals politics turned on its head.

If revolution is conceived like this, it appears more like the consequence of a highly contagious sense of responsibility. Put this in contrast to the culture of the self-proclaimed revolutionaries who remain content with doing nothing more than dumping responsibility for the afflictions that plague us at the doorstep of others. “You are evil, therefore I am good”: the fundamental formula of ressentiment. This refusal of responsibility turns music into Muzak and replaces political agency with the banality of evil. No political party program could ever help guide us to the opposite shore, to revolution. But there is something truly revolutionary in the musical insight that responsibility could be something else than submission to “the common good.”

2.

May Day. Every year an echo of the previous. “Attending rallies, that’s so yesterday!” go the groans of the haters. “Why even bother taking to the streets today, given the capacity of digital media?” In this argument, rallies get treated as if they were a kind of mass media: their sole purpose being to communicate a message, either to the external public or to the authorities in power. Similar ideas are often held by the organizers of rallies themselves, as shown by the tendency to either see rallies as a chance to cultivate their cult of the megaphone, or as an opportunity to stage something nice for the cameras.

From a post-digital viewpoint, a May Day rally becomes something different. Marches should not be classified as mass media; they are methods for handling a surplus of opinions through a process of selection rooted in material presence. Textually mediated politics—the type you would find at the annual meeting, in the op-ed, on the internet forum—does not require the same degree of prioritizing. If you need to satisfy some inner or outer contradiction or opposition, just insert an additional turn of phrase somewhere. A political rally, on the other hand, is an event constrained by time and space. Chants are restricted to one at a time. Flags are rationed to one per participant. Collective priorities are set, and as a result a common style is affirmed.

However, this selection—the color of the flags, the phrasing of the slogan—is not the only thing signaling the politics of a march. In fact, it is not even the most important one. The composition of a march constitutes a politics of its own, and if we turn our attention to the case of the loudspeaker membranes, this becomes acutely visible. Are there activists to regale the crowd with megaphones, or is kick-starting the chants left to energetic protesters? The presence of megaphones will unconditionally turn a protest into a manifestation of dictatorship, no matter what messages they emit. It is for the minority to dictate, literally, the message. It is for the masses to read it back.

The question is brought to a head in the use of music in political protests. Here we find, on the one hand, a cultivation of traditions going back to the days before electrically amplified music was invented. The performances of brass bands and choirs become performances of dialectical music: the earth will rise on new foundations, by way of dissonances dissolved in a final chord of harmony. Here, every piece of music carries with it a message that appeals to reason. The brass band can be traced to a military musical tradition, and is regimented according to the principle of the division of labor: each individual specializes in one task or instrument. The choir, on the other hand, amounts to a humanism that bases its politics on the naked human voice.

The percussionists’ mobilization of the body differs in that they do away with any detours through reason. Rhythm might be able to create the preconditions necessary for both dancing and marching, but it can never aim for dialectical resolution. While melodies necessarily come with durations and ends, rhythms must incessantly keep on repeating themselves. The difference in potential amplitude might vary hugely between any two percussive instruments, but nowhere is there any hierarchy between lead part and backing part, which is typical for melodic music. If the politics of percussion open up to the utopian, then these portals already have their presence in the acting out of collective mobilization.

Organizers of political rallies rarely show themselves to have more sense than shop-owners when it comes to the deployment of music. Clumsy attempts at playing “something for everyone” end up in a stale and soupy mix lacking taste. Movements that have committed themselves to attracting people of all ages and backgrounds often get carried away by the idea of music as an instrument of inclusion and never consider the fact that there will always be a corresponding degree of exclusion.

Musical direct democracy can never be anything more than a pipe dream, to put it bluntly. If all participants play one song each, this would simply be serial dictatorship. No truly meaningful musical experiences can come out of such practices. The responsibility of serving as a local musical dictator should be conferred on the DJ, but we must reserve our right to leave for new premises, where other DJs are the temporary dictators of music. Serial dictatorships can’t be preferable to multiple parallel dictatorships scattered in space. This explains why derelict factories and squats usually prove themselves so beneficial to the cultural life of cities. A post-digital sensibility of music comes with an inherent questioning of the ownership of the spaces where music takes place.

3.

Somehow I was part of a group that found itself acquiring an old city bus. Totally ignorant of the inner workings of engines and keen on taking a trip, we then proceeded to restore it. Inside the bus, there was an unusually persistent feeling that digitalization had made it all the more important to “be there.” And there we were, twenty-three of us, ready to occupy space, ready to sacrifice time. None of us knew everyone else, but everyone knew someone. Those connections that already existed had mostly been formed through the internet. Now, manifested in the post-digital, this loose patchwork of online friendships was processed into a more sharply delineated group. If you grow tired of an online conversation, logging off or switching windows is just a click away. Getting off a bus in motion and in the middle of a highway, well, this is something different altogether. All this had the effect of intensifying the presence we felt inside the vehicle.

Presence serves selection. It corresponds to certain needs, triggered by the surplus of both music files and of friends on the net. Sometimes it feels like the list of friends on the social network site stretches into eternity. Everyone always turns out to have some sort of connection to everyone else; six degrees of separation. There is immense potential in digitally mediated friendships, but it is only when these are materialized in the post-digital—when selection becomes a pressing issue—that friendships can be said to happen. There are no physical rooms with room enough for an unlimited number of bodies. Being physically present does not allow for tabbing to the next chat window in order to get away from a tedious conversation. You might choose to leave, to go somewhere else and strike up a new conversation there. This is still not the same thing as typing into a new blank chat window, because there is an already existing situational context we must take into consideration before we act.

Something similar could be said of the cassette tape player. If a song starts to go stale, we just push the fast forward button or flip the tape to be instantly thrown into the midst of a new track. We are spared the parade of aborted intros that distinguishes the anxious skipping of the digital.

The tape recorder introduces a degree of unpredictability into music, a randomness different in nature than the algorithmic shuffling of the MP3 player. When you switch unlabeled tapes, you can never be sure what you will hear next. A fair guess is that it might be something that someone nearby liked ten or twenty years ago—at least if all the music available is stuffed in an old gym bag, stored on exactly a hundred tapes, all scavenged from closets and storage rooms. This was the situation in our trusty old bus, in which there was an unvoiced understanding that digital music players were off-limits. This decision had followed from the simple fact that internet access would be more than scarce during the voyage. Certain situations demand that you commit yourself to your set goals: maximum information, or maximum presence? We went for the latter. Thus, we turned ourselves into a mobile, albeit slow, laboratory of materializing internet culture during a summer week’s drive from Sweden down to Italy.

Crossing the Alps in a bus manufactured in 1977 and originally intended for city traffic has all the trappings of a seriously risky enterprise. It can’t be said that there is any less risk in squeezing together twenty-three people—most of whom know each other only vaguely through some chat channel—and having them live in highly cramped conditions in a bus for a week. Anything else would be a lie—especially considering the total lack of any sort of pre-arranged division of responsibilities. In some situations, such muddiness might lead to a dilution of presence and the scattering of the group to the four winds. On other occasions there might be a material framework acting as a glue during events, making the question of responsibility unavoidable, and thus intensifying presence. The maximum level of intensification (and consequently also the capacity to be lit up, let down, or let in) is reached if getting there and back again turns out to be time-consuming, arduous, or even impossible. As we increasingly come to experience music as synonymous with effortless digital skipping from track to track there is also a corresponding growth in the richness of the strenuous exertions that have to be endured before breaking through to the spaces where music might happen.

In the post-digital, almost any barrier to the boundless flood of music can be turned into a resource for the production of presence: basements lacking room for no more than a certain number of people; time running out and limiting the number of songs in a session or on a tape; loudspeakers incapable of delivering sound levels above a certain decibel or outside of a set spectrum of frequencies; instruments featuring no more than thirty-two keys; cops breaking up the party; backs that break when trying to carry that one extra kilo of vinyl; geographical distances; disk space; grit. All these levees, these barriers that determine how music happens—they feed the post-digital with the traction needed for the production of memorable events.

The family just seating themselves in front of the TV, eager to watch this evening’s episode of “So You Think You Can Dance” is just as involved in the post-digital as the thousand ravers dancing through the night inside the abandoned factory. Both cases represent examples of musical events giving rise to a production of presence, a process constrained by the specific situational limitations that events impose on themselves. If it so happens that the intensity inside the factory is stronger, this is not because the crowd involves more people than the living room. Rather, the intensity of the experience is caused by the crowd having accumulated greater potential for experiencing a collective crossing of some barrier or threshold. Conversely, it would be unfair to blame a less intense TV experience on bad programing alone. In the bus, we felt the presence of an urgency and intensity exceeding the sum of the individual contributions of all of the twenty-three passengers. This intensity of presence was specific to the intermingling of two distinct technologies: the bus and the cassette tape.

Our methodology could certainly (and with some justification) be accused of nostalgia. According to the transportational logic governing the tourism industry and the art world alike, traveling is what you do in order to present yourself at an end destination. Travel is thus reduced to nothing more than the distance you have to cover in order to get from point A to point B. This has the consequence of making air travel seem a more rational choice than going by bus. According to the logic of high fidelity so keenly propped up by the consumer electronics industry, sound quality is just a question of either being good or bad. In light of such logic, cassette tapes would unarguably seem the inferior alternative when compared to digital audio formats.

The question becomes, then: Why should hanging on to tapes be considered reactionary when the same does not apply to forming a rock band? The intermittent staging of spectacles that are supposed to represent a “return to the roots of rock’n’roll” seems to be a favorite pastime of the record industry. It should be kept in mind that the format of the rock band in itself represents a set of restrictions on musical possibilities. In terms of the production of presence, there is nothing to say that such constellations necessarily outrun or equal what others, given the right time and the right place, achieve using nothing but a boom box and a bag of tapes.

It is precisely because the bus trip took our common experiences of the digital superabundance of information as a starting point that our vision of the post-digital as a counter-movement appeared with such clarity and force. This experiment proved extraordinary in that it taught us so much about the limits of materiality; about bigger and smaller collectivities; about high as well as low frequencies; about the future, and about the past.

4.

In ancient Greece, the seven or eight-stringed lyre was not just the symbol of music: it was music. Music, in its turn, was not seen as just a manifestation of the harmony of the spheres. The cosmos was itself music, music was mathematics, and the lyre a magical artifact capable of transmuting those principles into sensations that could be experienced by mortals. The lyre itself has since been replaced by other stringed instruments, such as the guitar or the piano, whose tunings are based on alternative mathematical principles.

To us, arguing that a piano is music would seem slightly absurd. Before we can begin to talk about music, there must first be someone sitting down in front of it and selecting which of its eighty or so keys to play. From music as a thing, to music as an activity. What if the same shifting of perspectives could be applied to the post-digital? We have only to approach MP3 files as not being much different than ordinary musical instruments. The file does not equal music, but it contains certain musical potentials, which can become realized as soon as someone sits down and starts playing with it. Playing a MP3 file on a device means that a specific configuration of both hardware and software is mobilized, situated in time and space, in the presence of a limited selection of people. If you randomly bang on all the keys of a piano, you can expect to produce music to the same degree that shuffling a playlist containing all the songs ever recorded would pave the way for music to take place.

This line of thinking could, to some extent, be said to represent a devaluation of the status of recorded music—which is certainly the case, at least in comparison to the soaring heights that resulted from the CD bubble of the ‘90s. It does not, however, exclude any difference in musical quality between recorded objects. Rather, we now have the opportunity to reformulate our criteria for quality assessment: a great song which is captured, fixed, and stored—and it is irrelevant if it is encoded into an MP3 file or written on a music sheet—will harbor greater potential for being realized as great music, just like a well-built and well-tuned piano will harbor greater musical possibilities than a piano recently recovered from the garbage dump.

But given the right hands and the right situation, even the most miserable wretch of a piano is capable of producing fantastic music. Analogously, a great singer might pull off a fantastic performance of a song that up until then had been written off as terrible. The same thing goes for the possibilities open to the remix artist who works with low-quality recordings. The thing is that raw materials like these (in the form of notation or recordings) will put greater demands on artistic skill by virtue of placing greater constraints on musical maneuvering. On the other hand, this basic idea of enforcing constraints on musical options is what every musical instrument really is about—to apply specific tunings to stringed instruments is just one of many ways to express this idea.

The development of new musical instruments seems to have ground to a complete halt during the heyday of autonomous music, back when the natural position of the composer was at the top of the pyramids of aesthetics and copyright legislation. New music meant new compositions—not new instruments. The modernist avant-garde composer also seemed content with the available selection. Pianos were certainly prepared, and scores were written that imposed on the musicians the most grueling and exotic playing techniques. But the performances still involved the same old instruments. With the emergence of electrified music, however, the barriers that kept composer, musician, instrument builder, and sound technician apart slowly started to crumble. Performance-wise, there might not have been many new additions for audiences to remark on (same old electric guitars), but what they got to hear was the sound of a constantly mutating constellation of effect modules and boxes.

If viewed from a distance, all unique combinations of instrument and sound effects start to resemble something more like meta-instruments. The same thing happens if we consider hardware and software, and the different ways in which they can be configured to produce sounds. The development of the musical means of production finds its expression in innovations made at this meta-instrumental level, and these show themselves for the most part to be the results of collective experimentation without any identifiable single author. The effect of the easy access to digital copies of music production software is to significantly lower not only the threshold for production, but the costs of distribution as well. In this way, the digital superabundance seems to practically feed on itself.

×

This essay is an edited selection from Rasmus Fleischer’s book “Det postdigitala manifestet,” published in Swedish in 2009. This is its first English translation, thanks to Mikael Kopimi Altemark.

© 2013 e-flux and the author

[justdrew]

http://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/oct/11/david-byrne-internet-content-world

[kelley]

byrne has a companion piece published under the auspices of creative time, a new york arts foundation that commissions public art etc:

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfre ... ive-talent

seeing red flags galore here re: each essay

not questioning his motives per se but his position is highly problematic

[Allegro]

I guess I’ll make a commitment of a kind by using the category or universal genre for today’s music compositions. If you don’t mind, let’s informally call the genre, Concert Music. I’m referring to RI posts of quotes in other places by Leonard Bernstein, Mark Fisher and others who’ve expounded An Unanswered Question by which we listeners cannot know into what realms many composers are taking us listeners into the next decades. I mean most if not all Western composers, including pop and quasi-pop performance groups, capitalized by producers to whom the composers and performance groups are, to a great extent, musically and professionally accountable by way of GPQs.

Some listeners in here might think Mr. Moravec’s compositions are classical or classical sounding, and that’s likely due to the playing of traditional Western concert instruments by musicians who’ve practiced so many hours, your eyes would bug! Once you’ve read his quote, though, you’ll see that Moravec has and probably continues composing works that are not without a hauntological orientation—to ears of those who are considering and listening for such things.

_________________
http://youtu.be/e0IUru1tgAY

< Ariel Fantasy | The Time Gallery
Composer | Paul Moravec
See Classics Today

WIKI excerpt, quote | Paul Moravec wrote: The term ‘new tonalist’ is a little outdated simply because of the passage of time[.] It had more relevance a few decades ago, when late modernism was dying or even dead. For my work, I regard the term only as a point of departure before considering each composition on a case-by-case basis. As a composer, I try always to make beautiful things, and I use whatever techniques and materials are useful for the particular composition at hand[.] Some of those materials are atonal or nontonal, but the overall harmonic context of my music derives from the tonal tradition, which after all is the lingua franca of Western music—essentially, Monteverdi to the Beatles and beyond.

_________________
I added the highlights and links in that ^ quote. I’m guessing the instrumentalists playing the music recorded above are clarinetist Paul Cigan and pianist Audrey Andrist joined by violinist David Salness and cellist Evelyn Elsing of The Left Bank Quartet. See notes.

_________________
REFERENCES. Speculations on why socially observable time has stopped | Non-Time and Hauntology

[Allegro]

For readers who find this article relentlessly tedious, skip to the bottom paragraph to glean the gist of the context. I began highlighting, then stopped, because I wouldn’t have known what content might be important to given readers.

_________________
Dogma No More: Anything Goes
The New York Times, Anthony Tommasini | February 12, 2010


^ Evan Premo, above, and Brad Balliett, below, on bassoon, with Ensemble ACJW, which in December played a piece by Milton Babbitt.

IN its modest, underground way a concert that the young musicians of the Ensemble ACJW gave on a brisk night in December at Le Poisson Rouge, the Greenwich Village club for all kinds of contemporary music, was one of the most liberating programs I have heard in years.

The excellent players, participants of the Academy (the select training institute for post-graduate musicians run jointly by the Juilliard School, Carnegie Hall and the Weill Music Institute), impishly titled the program “ACJW Gets Extreme: The Mix Tape.” The idea was to present substantive contemporary music with the trappings of a rock band’s release party.

Though the performances were brilliant, it was the irreverent mixing of works that excited me. The players leapt from the experimental modernist Stockhausen’s “Zodiac” to an elusive, rock-infused new chamber work, “Bow to String,” by Daniel Bjarnason, a trendy young Icelandic composer; from “Semi-Simple Variations,” a spiky 12-tone piano piece by Milton Babbitt, to “Synchronisms No. 9” for violin and electronics by Mario Davidovsky. And so on. Categories be damned.

Increasingly in recent years adventurous ensembles and young artists have been drawing their programs from all camps of contemporary music, camps that were once engaged in fierce ideological battles. The biggest combatants were practitioners of complex, cutting-edge 12-tone composition who claimed the intellectual high ground and those who still wrote sonatas, symphonies and such, in essentially major and minor keys. But the Ensemble ACJW concert seemed especially emblematic of the new freedom. These musicians could not care less about the stubborn ideology that divided the camps long ago.

At one point a dazzling performance by the violinist Owen Dalby of Biber’s “Sonata Representativa,” a Baroque work for violin and continuo (here a string bass and a digital keyboard in its harpsichord mode), music that humorously evoked animal sounds from tweeting birds to mewing cats, was blithely juxtaposed with Jon Deak’s “B. B. Wolf.” Evan Premo, sporting a wolf’s ears and tail, played this musically raw and theatrical piece for solo bass while voicing a wolf’s complaining monologue about the injustice of being hunted down just for chasing piggies.

The message was clear: These musicians were simply offering works they thought were awesome, bizarre, brilliant — no matter the stylistic orientation. It is only natural that composers in the classical tradition who grew up in a world of pop would be inspired by and borrow from any style or genre: jazz, funk, rap, electronica. And performers from the new generation seem just as eager to play almost anything.

Still, the program was not all embracing. The works played here were either by complex modernists (Stockhausen, Babbitt, Berio), or younger freewheeling composers of a post-modernist bent, what the critic Greg Sandow calls the “alternative classical” music of today. Missing from the roster was anything by composers of, for want of a better word, the middle ground, what John Harbison has wryly referred to as “us notes-and-rhythms composers,” meaning those who more or less write pieces for conventional instruments, largely eschewing electronics, composers more concerned with thematic development than with instrumental atmospherics and sound collages.

I am thinking particularly of active American composers like Stephen Hartke, Steven Stucky, Joan Tower, Christopher Rouse, Melinda Wagner and Sebastian Currier, among others, mostly baby boomers; skilled, exciting and original creators. The best of them have been performed prominently and have won their share of Pulitzers. But are they already slipping from the view of young musicians and audiences?

That question came up for me during the Juilliard School’s recent Focus! festival, directed by the conductor Joel Sachs, which ended on Jan. 30. The nine-day festival, titled Music at the Center: Composing an American Mainstream, looked at an earlier generation of composers, from the middle decades of the 20th century, figures like Copland, David Diamond, Peter Mennin, Vincent Persichetti and Walter Piston. Special attention was given to William Schuman and Samuel Barber, whose centennials are being celebrated this year.

In their day all of these composers were well regarded and regularly performed. It is unfair to label them mainstream, a word that denotes middle-of-the-road, even middlebrow. Still, in comparison with the complex modernists of that era, epitomized by the intimidating Mr. Babbitt, what else could you call a Persichetti, or even a Copland, but mainstream?

I was a student at the Yale School of Music in the early 1970s when disdain toward traditionalists was rampant among many faculty and student composers. The battlefields were the tables at the pizza place next to the music building.

The arguments were mostly provoked by the work of the post-World War II modernists who believed that music had irrevocably evolved, and that systems of composition, either strictly or loosely based on 12-tone technique, represented the only viable language for the future. By the early 1970s, with Philip Glass and Steve Reich in the vanguard, the downtown scene had emerged and was winning adherents. But mainstream traditionalists who clung to tonality were treated as if they were fossils.

At Yale I felt caught in the middle. On the one hand, I was thrilled to play the piano in a student performance of Terry Riley’s exuberant minimalist masterpiece “In C.” At the same time I was learning the piano works of Schoenberg, and I was enthralled by Stravinsky’s late-period pieces that drew upon 12-tone techniques, especially “Requiem Canticles.” If I mentioned at lunch, however, that I loved pieces of a more traditional harmonic idiom, like Barber’s Piano Sonata, Piston’s Viola Concerto or Britten’s “Peter Grimes,” I would draw dismissive jibes from composers who considered such works hopelessly dated.

The emergence of the 12-tone technique was and remains one of the most important developments in 20th-century music. But the 12-tone dogma was the problem, the idea that music had to be an evolving art form in which progress would take things to a next stage.

No camp prevailed. In time the hostilities simply dissipated. Stylistic variety was embraced. But what happened to those composers in that middle ground?

In this year of Barber’s centennial, it is poignant to think of how marginalized he grew to feel. He was the polar opposite of Mr. Babbitt, who pursued composition almost as a science and did not expect the public to comprehend what he and his colleagues were up to. Barber thought that composers should connect with the public. Was that not the idea?

Something makes me worry that history is repeating itself. Are today’s centrists taken for granted, relegated, especially by the young, to the outskirts of the action? That open-minded, curious and talented young musicians are fascinated by uncompromising modernists like Charles Wuorinen makes sense. In some ways Mr. Wuorinen, 71, has a lot to answer for. In his 1979 textbook, “Simple Composition,” he declared that while the tonal system in an “atrophied or vestigial form is still used today in popular and commercial music” and by “backward-looking serious composers,” that among the serious composers of the mainstream it has “been replaced or succeeded by the 12-tone system.” This pronouncement was proven wrong long ago.

But in today’s post-dogma period, without the polemics to endure, Mr. Wuorinen’s arrestingly complex works have been capturing the imaginations and challenging a new generation of musicians who have never seen his composition textbook. And composers who inventively fuse world musical traditions with elements of contemporary classical and pop styles, like Tan Dun and Osvaldo Golijov, have fashioned distinctive voices and won adherents among the young.

But what about those notes-and-rhythms composers? Take Mr. Stucky, who teaches at Cornell University and has hosted the New York Philharmonic’s Hear and Now series of preconcert talks with composers. Mr. Stucky had a banner day in September 2008 when the Dallas Symphony Orchestra gave the premiere of his evening-length oratorio, “August 4, 1964,” and the New York Philharmonic performed the premiere of his “Rhapsodies for Orchestra.”

But when will New York audiences hear Mr. Stucky’s Second Concerto for Orchestra, for which he won the 2005 Pulitzer Prize?

Another example is Mr. Hartke, one of the most audaciously original and accomplished composers of today, who teaches at the University of Southern California. In 2003 Lorin Maazel conducted the New York Philharmonic in the premiere of Mr. Hartke’s Sympony No. 3, a work written in response to 9/11. And in May Gustavo Dudamel plans to conduct the premiere of Mr. Hartke’s Sympony No. 4, “Organ,” with the Los Angeles Philharmonic.

Yet where are his arresting chamber works on the programs of contemporary music groups in New York?

One American baby boomer composer who towers over the scene right now, embraced both as an adventurous voice and a mainstream creator, is John Adams. He retains credibility with the alternative crowd because of his early days as a minimalist. He has long since transcended that aesthetic.

I cheer the achievements and success of such composers. I only worry that pieces of more traditional excellence, like Mr. Harbison’s strings quartets, will someday be heard as seldom as works by the neglected mid-20th-century Americans that Mr. Sachs championed in the Focus! festival.

How many young musicians today, including composers, have heard, say, Norman Dello Joio’s pensive orchestral work “Meditations on Ecclesiastes,” winner of the 1957 Pulitzer Prize? Or Barber’s affecting “Hermit Songs,” written for Leontyne Price?

For now this is just a passing worry. The important news is that the end of dogma is indisputable. Empowered American musicians and composers from the new generation have it in them to foster pluralism and save classical music from itself.

A version of this article appeared in print on February 14, 2010, on page AR21 of the New York edition.

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REFERENCES. Speculations on why socially observable time has stopped | Non-Time and Hauntology

[NeonLX]

I normally cannot stand car commercials, but this one is brilliant. Really should win awards. And pretty much shows how absolutely hideously lame 2013 is compared to the look and feel of the 1950's, 60's, 80's, 90's and yes, even the 70's.

Gawd. No shit. I almost went into a rage while watching that. Of course, I have a closer connection with historical autodom than a lot of people, but I think some would agree that modern cars have lost their soul. The styling has become so exaggerated and grotesque. I think that appearance is to hide the complete lack of soul. Or maybe this is merely a reflection of the fact that the shit we do and the places we go in cars have become so utterly soul-less as well. Or (more likely) I'm simply full of shit myself.

Things don't seem genuine now. OK, so I'm a jaded old guy who's been kicked around a lot and maybe I'm just nostalgic. Or something. But everywhere I look, be it music, cars, fashion, or ??, it all seem so "fake".

Do you what REALLY galls me? When a teevee show or movie tries to capture the spirit of the 1950s or '60s, but fails miserably. The worst offender for me was "Happy Days". They fouled it all up with their fake music, 1970s attitudes forced into a one-dimensional 1950s facade, and shitty acting to boot. To this day, I still want to smack Henry Winkler with a tire iron for being "the Fonz".

Jumping Jesus, I probably should be put on some kind of medication.

[IanEye]

The worst offender for me was "Happy Days". They fouled it all up with their fake music, 1970s attitudes forced into a one-dimensional 1950s facade, and shitty acting to boot. To this day, I still want to smack Henry Winkler with a tire iron for being "the Fonz".

Neon, eye raise both thumbs in your direction!

I was a real “American Graffiti” snob when I was a kid. That is, I thought “American Grafftti” was awesome and “Happy Days” sucked, especially Fonzie. All my peers were running around at recess, going “Aaayyy” and sticking their thumbs up in the air and I wanted to punch them in the throat. Why couldn’t they see that Arthur Fonzarelli was a pale imitation of John Milner? What was wrong with them?

It only got worse when “Star Wars” came out. ‘Oh Mr. Lucas, why are wasting your time with this stupid light saber crap? Why aren’t you making a sequel to “American Graffiti”?’

I won’t even relate to you the anger I felt when that fucking “Grease” movie came out in 1978.

I was 10 years old.

Anyway, it would be cool if you could work the whole “Love, American Style” angle into your thesis. "Love, American Style" is a really odd show...
_ _ _



Sittin' in my car outside your house
Remember when you spilled coke all over your blouse

[justdrew]

there IS a sequel to American Graffiti

[IanEye]

i was very disappointed in 1979, not nearly enough Wolfman Jack.

[justdrew]

i was very disappointed in 1979, not nearly enough Wolfman Jack.

true. but I kinda liked it anyway. I have a theory that Lucas was injured in a private place in a car racing accident btw. no biokids, all the mutilations in SW, etc.