New Norman Finklestein article: Boycott Israel l

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 2:17 pm

Bye eric. Oh, and well said, IR...about cleaning up our own house. Barring theories of complete Israeli domination of US government, we have plenty to do within our own house. Since the US has been an aggressive imperialist state since LONG before Israel existed or even before the concept of Zionism existed, I think we can rule out "infiltration by moles" as the causative factor in our horrible foregeign affairs policies. Edited by: <A HREF=http://p216.ezboard.com/brigorousintuition.showUserPublicProfile?gid=dreamsend@rigorousintuition>Dreams End</A> at: 1/21/06 11:22 am

mushroom · Post by **mushroom** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 3:42 pm

Jeff, why don't you ban a nazi like dreams end, rather than those who if they see an elephant in the room, say so. Keep them blinkers on.

glubglubglub · Post by **glubglubglub** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 7:13 pm

and Finkelstein's gotten in the habit of retaining lawyers to review his work, thanks to (threats of) libel suits in the past (ie, from Dershowitz). Basically it's illegal for the citizenry to boycott a 'friendly nation' because to do so would be to, de facto, create foreign policy which in theory is the province of Congress and the Executive branch; the constitutionality of this law hasn't been tested, I don't think, but I'm sure Finkelstein's lawyers point out to him the aws on the books about boycotting.

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 7:17 pm

Why doesn't he ask the EU to boycott the US?

glubglubglub · Post by **glubglubglub** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 7:18 pm

<img src=http://www.ezboard.com/images/emoticons/roll.gif ALT=":rollin">

slimmouse · Post by **slimmouse** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 7:23 pm

<blockquote>Quote:<hr>Why doesn't he ask the EU to boycott the US?<hr></blockquote> My best guess, is that its because hes Jewish, and he sees the big picture, and understands exactly how the Israelis are being used and screwed by the PTB. Not to mention the Arabs. Not to mention the rest of mankind.

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 7:47 pm

Well, one usually boycotts the screwER...not the screwEE, no?

slimmouse · Post by **slimmouse** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 10:48 pm

I think Finkelstein should suggest that the EU Boycott Israel. Weve gotta start somewhere, and where better than one of the major fiefdoms of The Rothschild empire ? Where better than the Rothschild creation ? How better than to try and expose the realities of a clearly demented appartheid regime, which recieves the full support and funding of big money and big Oil ? Or perhaps you are suggesting we follow the Dershowitz model, where historical revisionism is fashionably integrated into the highest levels of American 'academia', and readily accepted by the vast majority of Americans due to a hideously treacherous Zionist US media, whilst Gaza is turned into a prison camp, and the world teeters dangerously on the edge of some serious shit. Is that your bag DE ? Ive been saying for long enough that we are currently witnessing the 4th reich. Israel is Italy - Hell look at the new Kadima party !!

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 10:54 pm

I'm suggesting that next to the US, Israel is a pussycat. The country of which I'm a citizen has killed millions in unprovoked wars of aggression, overthrown governments at the whim of corporate bosses, assassinated leaders who might get in the way, supported dictators all over the world, (including Saddam...who I'd still take over the Fahd's, any day),... I tell you what. You compile a list of Israeli atrocities, conquests, imperialist actions, etc and I'll compose one for the US. Then we'll compare. Ready...go! here's mine: SOUTH DAKOTA 1890 (-?) Troops 300 Lakota Indians massacred at Wounded Knee. ARGENTINA 1890 Troops Buenos Aires interests protected. CHILE 1891 Troops Marines clash with nationalist rebels. HAITI 1891 Troops Black workers revolt on U.S.-claimed Navassa Island defeated. IDAHO 1892 Troops Army suppresses silver miners' strike. HAWAII 1893 (-?) Naval, troops Independent kingdom overthrown, annexed. CHICAGO 1894 Troops Breaking of rail strike, 34 killed NICARAGUA 1894 Troops Month-long occupation of Bluefields. CHINA 1894-95 Naval, troops Marines land in Sino-Jap War. KOREA 1894-96 Troops Marines kept in Seoul during war. PANAMA 1895 Troops, naval Marines land in Colombian province. NICARAGUA 1896 Troops Marines land in port of Corinto. CHINA 1898-1900 Troops / Boxer Rebellion fought by foreign armies. PHILIPPINES 1898-1910(-?) Naval, troops Seized from Spain, killed 600,000 Filipinos. CUBA 1898-1902(-?) Naval, troops Seized from Spain, still hold Navy base. PUERTO RICO 1898(-?) Naval, troops Seized from Spain, occupation continues. GUAM 1898(-?) Naval, troops / Seized from Spain, still used as base. MINNESOTA 1898(-?) Troops Army battles Chippewa at Leech Lake. NICARAGUA 1898 Troops Marines land at port of San Juan del Sur. SAMOA 1899(-?) Troops Battle over succession to throne. NICARAGUA 1899 Troops / Marines land at port of Bluefields. IDAHO 1899-1901 Troops / Army occupies Coeur d'Alene mining region. OKLAHOMA 1901 Troops Army battles Creek Indian revolt. PANAMA 1901-14 Naval, troops Broke off from Colombia 1903, annexed Canal Zone 1914-99. HONDURAS 1903 Troops Marines intervene in revolution. DOMINICAN REP. 1903-04 Troops U.S. interests protected in Revolution. KOREA 1904-05 Troops Marines land in Russo-Japanese War. CUBA 1906-09 Troops / Marines land in democratic election. NICARAGUA 1907 Troops "Dollar Diplomacy" protectorate set up. HONDURAS 1907 Troops Marines land during war with Nicaragua. PANAMA 1908 Troops / Marines intervene in election contest. NICARAGUA 1910 Troops Marines land in Bluefields and Corinto. HONDURAS 1911 Troops / U.S. interests protected in civil war. CHINA 1911-41 Naval, troops Continuous occupation with flare-ups. CUBA 1912 Troops / U.S. interests protected in Havana. PANAMA 19l2 Troops / Marines land during heated election. HONDURAS 19l2 Troops / Marines protect U.S. economic interests. NICARAGUA 1912-33 Troops, bombing 20-year occupation, fought guerrillas. MEXICO 19l3 Naval / Americans evacuated during revolution. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 1914 Naval / Fight with rebels over Santo Domingo. COLORADO 1914 Troops / Breaking of miners' strike by Army. MEXICO 1914-18 Naval, troops Series of interventions against nationalists. HAITI 1914-34 Troops, bombing 19-year occupation after revolts. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 1916-24 Troops 8-year Marine occupation. CUBA 1917-33 Troops / Military occupation, economic protectorate. WORLD WAR I 19l7-18 Naval, troops Ships sunk, fought Germany RUSSIA 1918-22 Naval, troops Five landings to fight Bolsheviks. PANAMA 1918-20 Troops "Police duty" during unrest after elections. YUGOSLAVIA 1919 Troops Marines intervene for Italy against Serbs in Dalmatia. HONDURAS 1919 Troops Marines land during election campaign. GUATEMALA 1920 Troops 2-week intervention against unionists. WEST VIRGINIA 1920-21 Troops, bombing Army intervenes against mineworkers. TURKEY 1922 Troops Fought nationalists in Smyrna (Izmir). CHINA 1922-27 Naval, troops Deployment during nationalist revolt. HONDURAS 1924-25 Troops Landed twice during election strife. PANAMA 1925 Troops / Marines suppress general strike. CHINA 1927-34 Troops / Marines stationed throughout the country. EL SALVADOR 1932 Naval / Warships sent during Farabundo Marti revolt. WASHINGTON DC 1932 Troops / Army stops WWI vet bonus protest. WORLD WAR II 1941-45 Naval,troops, bombing, nuclear Fought Axis for 3 years; 1st nuclear war. DETROIT 1943 Troops Army puts down Black rebellion. IRAN 1946 Nuclear threat Soviet troops told to leave north (Iranian Azerbaijan). YUGOSLAVIA 1946 Naval / Response to shooting-down of U.S. plane. URUGUAY 1947 Nuclear threat Bombers deployed as show of strength. GREECE 1947-49 Command operation U.S. directs extreme-right in civil war. CHINA 1948-49 Troops Marines evacuate Americans before Communist victory. GERMANY 1948 Nuclear threat Atomic-capable bombers guard Berlin Airlift. PHILIPPINES 1948-54 Command operation CIA directs war against Huk Rebellion. PUERTO RICO 1950 Command operation Independence rebellion crushed in Ponce. KOREA 1950-53 Troops, naval, bombing, nuclear threats U.S.& South Korea fight China & North Korea to stalemate; A-bomb threat in 1950, & vs. China in 1953. Still have bases. IRAN 1953 Command operation CIA overthrows democracy, installs Shah. VIETNAM 1954 Nuclear threat Bombs offered to French to use against siege. GUATEMALA 1954 Command operation, bombing, nuclear threat CIA directs exile invasion after new govt nationalizes U.S. company lands; bombers based in Nicaragua. EGYPT 1956 Nuclear threat, troops Soviets told to keep out of Suez crisis; MArines evacuate foreigners LEBANON 1958 Troops, naval / Marine occupation against rebels. IRAQ 1958 Nuclear threat Iraq warned against invading Kuwait. CHINA 1958 Nuclear threat China told not to move on Taiwan isles. PANAMA 1958 Troops / Flag protests erupt into confrontation. VIETNAM 1960-75 Troops, naval, bombing, nuclear threats Fought South Vietnam revolt & North Vietnam; 1-2 million killed in longest U.S. war; atomic bomb threats in 1968 and 1969. CUBA 1961 Command operation CIA-directed exile invasion fails. GERMANY 1961 Nuclear threat Alert during Berlin Wall crisis. CUBA 1962 Nuclear threat, Naval Blockade during missile crisis; near-war with USSR. LAOS 1962 Command operation Military buildup during guerrilla war. PANAMA 1964 Troops / Panamanians shot for urging canal's return. INDONESIA 1965 Command operation Million killed in CIA-assisted army coup. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 1965-66 Troops, bombing Marines land during election campaign. GUATEMALA 1966-67 Command operation Green Berets intervene against rebels. DETROIT 1967 Troops / Army battles Blacks, 43 killed. UNITED STATES 1968 Troops / After King is shot; over 21,000 soldiers in cities. CAMBODIA 1969-75 Bombing, troops, naval Up to 2 million killed in decade of bombing, starvation, and political chaos. OMAN 1970 Command operation U.S. directs Iranian marine invasion. LAOS 1971-73 Command operation, bombing U.S. directs South Vietnamese invasion; "carpet-bombs" countryside. SOUTH DAKOTA 1973 Command operation Army directs Wounded Knee siege of Lakotas. MIDEAST 1973 Nuclear threat World-wide alert during Mideast War. CHILE 1973 Command operation CIA-backed coup ousts elected marxist president. CAMBODIA 1975 Troops, bombing Gas captured ship, 28 die in copter crash. ANGOLA 1976-92 Command operation CIA assists South African-backed rebels. IRAN 1980 Troops, nuclear threat, aborted bombing Raid to rescue Emba-ssy hostages; 8 troops die in copter-plane crash. Soviets war-ned not to get involved in revolution. LIBYA 1981 Naval jets Two Libyan jets shot down in maneuvers. EL SALVADOR 1981-92 Command operation, troops Advisors, overflights aid anti-rebel war, soldiers briefly involved in hostage clash. NICARAGUA 1981-90 Command operation, naval CIA directs exile (Contra) invasions, plants harbor mines against revolution. LEBANON 1982-84 Naval, bombing, troops Marines expel PLO and back Phalangists, Navy bombs and shells Muslim and Syrian positions. HONDURAS 1983-89 Troops / Maneuvers help build bases near borders. GRENADA 1983-84 Troops, bombing Invasion four years after revolution. IRAN 1984 Jets / Two Iranian jets shot down over Persian Gulf. LIBYA 1986 Bombing, naval Air strikes to topple nationalist gov't. BOLIVIA 1986 Troops Army assists raids on cocaine region. IRAN 1987-88 Naval, bombing US intervenes on side of Iraq in war. LIBYA 1989 Naval jets Two Libyan jets shot down. VIRGIN ISLANDS 1989 Troops St. Croix Black unrest after storm. PHILIPPINES 1989 Jets / Air cover provided for government against coup. PANAMA 1989-90 Troops, bombing Nationalist government ousted by 27,000 soldiers, leaders arrested, 2000+ killed. LIBERIA 1990 Troops Foreigners evacuated during civil war. SAUDI ARABIA 1990-91 Troops, jets Iraq countered after invading Kuwait; 540,000 troops also stationed in Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, UAE, Israel. IRAQ 1990-? Bombing, troops, naval Blockade of Iraqi and Jordanian ports, air strikes; 200,000+ killed in invasion of Iraq and Kuwait; no-fly zone over Kurdish north, Shiite south, large-scale destruction of Iraqi military. KUWAIT 1991 Naval, bombing, troops Kuwait royal family returned to throne. LOS ANGELES 1992 Troops Army, Marines deployed against anti-police uprising. SOMALIA 1992-94 Troops, naval, bombing U.S.-led United Nations occupation during civil war; raids against one Mogadishu faction. YUGOSLAVIA 1992-94 Naval Nato blockade of Serbia and Montenegro. BOSNIA 1993-95 Jets, bombing No-fly zone patrolled in civil war; downed jets, bombed Serbs. HAITI 1994-96 Troops, naval Blockade against military government; troops restore President Aristide to office three years after coup. CROATIA 1995 Bombing Krajina Serb airfields attacked before Croatian offensive. ZAIRE (CONGO) 1996-97 Troops Marines at Rwandan Hutu refuge camps, in area where Congo revolution begins. LIBERIA 1997 Troops Soldiers under fire during evacuation of foreigners. ALBANIA 1997 Troops Soldiers under fire during evacuation of foreigners. SUDAN 1998 Missiles Attack on pharmaceutical plant alleged to be "terrorist" nerve gas plant. AFGHANISTAN 1998 Missiles Attack on former CIA training camps used by Islamic fundamentalist groups alleged to have attacked embassies. IRAQ 1998-? Bombing, Missiles Four days of intensive air strikes after weapons inspectors allege Iraqi obstructions. YUGOSLAVIA 1999-? Bombing, Missiles Heavy NATO air strikes after Serbia declines to withdraw from Kosovo. YEMEN 2000 Naval Suicide bomb attack on USS Cole. MACEDONIA 2001 Troops NATO troops shift and partially disarm Albanian rebels. UNITED STATES 2001 Jets, naval Response to hijacking attacks. AFGHANISTAN 2001 Massive U.S. mobilization to attack Taliban, Bin Laden. War could expand to Iraq, Sudan, and beyond. (The first bombing began on October 7, 2001. Several Afghan cities come under aerial attack. The story continues). (shamelessly plagiarized from: <a href="http://www.zmag.org/list2.htm)">www.zmag.org/list2.htm)</a>

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 11:00 pm

Oh...that was just use of troops. Let's do interventions next. How about interventions in Latin America: 1846 The U.S., fulfilling the doctrine of Manifest Destiny, goes to war with Mexico and ends up with a third of Mexico's territory. 1850, 1853, 1854, 1857 U.S. interventions in Nicaragua. 1855 Tennessee adventurer William Walker and his mercenaries take over Nicaragua, institute forced labor, and legalize slavery. "Los yankis... have burst their way like a fertilizing torrent through the barriers of barbarism." --N.Y. Daily News He's ousted two years later by a Central American coalition largely inspired by Cornelius Vanderbilt, whose trade Walker was infringing. "The enemies of American civilization-- for such are the enemies of slavery-- seem to be more on the alert than its friends." --William Walker 1856 First of five U.S. interventions in Panama to protect the Atlantic-Pacific railroad from Panamanian nationalists. 1898 U.S. declares war on Spain, blaming it for destruction of the Maine. (In 1976, a U.S. Navy commission will conclude that the explosion was probably an accident.) The war enables the U.S. to occupy Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. 1903 The Platt Amendment inserted into the Cuban constitution grants the U.S. the right to intervene when it sees fit. 1903 When negotiations with Colombia break down, the U.S. sends ten warships to back a rebellion in Panama in order to acquire the land for the Panama Canal. The Frenchman Philippe Bunau-Varilla negotiates the Canal Treaty and writes Panama's constitution. 1904 U.S. sends customs agents to take over finances of the Dominican Republic to assure payment of its external debt. 1905 U.S. Marines help Mexican dictator Porfirio Díaz crush a strike in Sonora. 1905 U.S. troops land in Honduras for the first of 5 times in next 20 years. 1906 Marines occupy Cuba for two years in order to prevent a civil war. 1907 Marines intervene in Honduras to settle a war with Nicaragua. 1908 U.S. troops intervene in Panama for first of 4 times in next decade. 1909 Liberal President José Santos Zelaya of Nicaragua proposes that American mining and banana companies pay taxes; he has also appropriated church lands and legalized divorce, done business with European firms, and executed two Americans for participating in a rebellion. Forced to resign through U.S. pressure. The new president, Adolfo Díaz, is the former treasurer of an American mining company. 1910 U.S. Marines occupy Nicaragua to help support the Díaz regime. 1911 The Liberal regime of Miguel Dávila in Honduras has irked the State Department by being too friendly with Zelaya and by getting into debt with Britain. He is overthrown by former president Manuel Bonilla, aided by American banana tycoon Sam Zemurray and American mercenary Lee Christmas, who becomes commander-in-chief of the Honduran army. 1912 U.S. Marines intervene in Cuba to put down a rebellion of sugar workers. 1912 Nicaragua occupied again by the U.S., to shore up the inept Díaz government. An election is called to resolve the crisis: there are 4000 eligible voters, and one candidate, Díaz. The U.S. maintains troops and advisors in the country until 1925. 1914 U.S. bombs and then occupies Vera Cruz, in a conflict arising out of a dispute with Mexico's new government. President Victoriano Huerta resigns. 1915 U.S. Marines occupy Haiti to restore order, and establish a protectorate which lasts till 1934. The president of Haiti is barred from the U.S. Officers' Club in Port-au-Prince, because he is black. "Think of it-- niggers speaking French!" --secretary of State William Jennings Bryan, briefed on the Haitian situation 1916 Marines occupy the Dominican Republic, staying till 1924. ! 1916 Pancho Villa, in the sole act of Latin American aggression against the U.S, raids the city of Columbus, New Mexico, killing 17 Americans. "Am sure Villa's attacks are made in Germany." --James Gerard, U.S. ambassador to Berlin 1917 U.S. troops enter Mexico to pursue Pancho Villa. They can't catch him. 1917 Marines intervene again in Cuba, to guarantee sugar exports during WWI. 1918 U.S. Marines occupy Panamanian province of Chiriqui for two years to maintain public order. 1921 President Coolidge strongly suggests the overthrow of Guatemalan President Carlos Herrera, in the interests of United Fruit. The Guatemalans comply. 1925 U.S. Army troops occupy Panama City to break a rent strike and keep order. 1926 Marines, out of Nicaragua for less than a year, occupy the country again, to settle a volatile political situation. Secretary of State Kellogg describes a "Nicaraguan-Mexican-Soviet" conspiracy to inspire a "Mexican-Bolshevist hegemony" within striking distance of the Canal. "That intervention is not now, never was, and never will be a set policy of the United States is one of the most important facts President-elect Hoover has made clear." --NYT, 1928 1929 U.S. establishes a military academy in Nicaragua to train a National Guard as the country's army. Similar forces are trained in Haiti and the Dominican Republic. "There is no room for any outside influence other than ours in this region. We could not tolerate such a thing without incurring grave risks... Until now Central America has always understood that governments which we recognize and support stay in power, while those which we do not recognize and support fall. Nicaragua has become a test case. It is difficult to see how we can afford to be defeated." --Undersecretary of State Robert Olds 1930 Rafael Leonidas Trujillo emerges from the U.S.-trained National Guard to become dictator of the Dominican Republic. 1932 The U.S. rushes warships to El Salvador in response to a communist-led uprising. President Martínez, however, prefers to put down the rebellion with his own forces, killing over 8000 people (the rebels had killed about 100). ! 1933 President Roosevelt announces the Good Neighbor policy. 1933 Marines finally leave Nicaragua, unable to suppress the guerrilla warfare of General Augusto César Sandino. Anastasio Somoza García becomes the first Nicaraguan commander of the National Guard. "The Nicaraguans are better fighters than the Haitians, being of Indian blood, and as warriors similar to the aborigines who resisted the advance of civilization in this country." --NYT correspondent Harold Denny 1933 Roosevelt sends warships to Cuba to intimidate Gerardo Machado y Morales, who is massacring the people to put down nationwide strikes and riots. Machado resigns. The first provisional government lasts only 17 days; the second Roosevelt finds too left-wing and refuses to recognize. A pro-Machado counter-coup is put down by Fulgencio Batista, who with Roosevelt's blessing becomes Cuba's new strongman. ! 1934 Platt Amendment repealed. 1934 Sandino assassinated by agents of Somoza, with U.S. approval. Somoza assumes the presidency of Nicaragua two years later. To block his ascent, Secretary of State Cordell Hull explains, would be to intervene in the internal affairs of Nicaragua. ! 1936 U.S. relinquishes rights to unilateral intervention in Panama. 1941 Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia deposes Panamanian president Arias in a military coup-- first clearing it with the U.S. Ambassador. It was "a great relief to us, because Arias had been very troublesome and very pro-Nazi." --Secretary of War Henry Stimson 1943 The editor of the Honduran opposition paper El Cronista is summoned to the U.S. embassy and told that criticism of the dictator Tiburcio Carías Andino is damaging to the war effort. Shortly afterward, the paper is shut down by the government. 1944 The dictator Maximiliano Hernández Martínez of El Salvador is ousted by a revolution; the interim government is overthrown five months later by the dictator's former chief of police. The U.S.'s immediate recognition of the new dictator does much to tarnish Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy in the eyes of Latin Americans. 1946 U.S. Army School of the Americas opens in Panama as a hemisphere-wide military academy. Its linchpin is the doctrine of National Security, by which the chief threat to a nation is internal subversion; this will be the guiding principle behind dictatorships in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Central America, and elsewhere. 1948 José Figueres Ferrer wins a short civil war to become President of Costa Rica. Figueres is supported by the U.S., which has informed San José that its forces in the Panama Canal are ready to come to the capital to end "communist control" of Costa Rica. 1954 Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán, elected president of Guatemala, introduces land reform and seizes some idle lands of United Fruit-- proposing to pay for them the value United Fruit claimed on its tax returns. The CIA organizes a small force to overthrow him and begins training it in Honduras. When Arbenz naively asks for U.S. military help to meet this threat, he is refused; when he buys arms from Czechoslovakia it only proves he's a Red. Guatemala is "openly and diligently toiling to create a Communist state in Central America... only two hours' bombing time from the Panama Canal." --Life The CIA broadcasts reports detailing the imaginary advance of the "rebel army," and provides planes to strafe the capital. The army refuses to defend Arbenz, who resigns. The U.S.'s hand-picked dictator, Carlos Castillo Armas, outlaws political parties, reduces the franchise, and establishes the death penalty for strikers, as well as undoing Arbenz's land reform. Over 100,000 citizens are killed in the next 30 years of military rule. "This is the first instance in history where a Communist government has been replaced by a free one." --Richard Nixon 1957 Eisenhower establishes Office of Public Safety to train Latin American police forces. ! 1959 Fidel Castro takes power in Cuba. Several months earlier he had undertaken a triumphal tour through the U.S., which included a CIA briefing on the Red menace. "Castro's continued tawdry little melodrama of invasion." --Time, of Castro's warnings of an imminent U.S. invasion 1960 Eisenhower authorizes covert actions to get rid of Castro. Among other things, the CIA tries assassinating him with exploding cigars and poisoned milkshakes. Other covert actions against Cuba include burning sugar fields, blowing up boats in Cuban harbors, and sabotaging industrial equipment. 1960 The Canal Zone becomes the focus of U.S. counterinsurgency training. 1960 A new junta in El Salvador promises free elections; Eisenhower, fearing leftist tendencies, withholds recognition. A more attractive right-wing counter-coup comes along in three months. "Governments of the civil-military type of El Salvador are the most effective in containing communist penetration in Latin America." --John F. Kennedy, after the coup 1960 Guatemalan officers attempt to overthrow the regime of Presidente Fuentes; Eisenhower stations warships and 2000 Marines offshore while Fuentes puts down the revolt. [Another source says that the U.S. provided air support for Fuentes.] 1960s U.S. Green Berets train Guatemalan army in counterinsurgency techniques. Guatemalan efforts against its insurgents include aerial bombing, scorched-earth assaults on towns suspected of aiding the rebels, and death squads, which killed 20,000 people between 1966 and 1976. U.S. Army Col. John Webber claims that it was at his instigation that "the technique of counter-terror had been implemented by the army." "If it is necessary to turn the country into a cemetary in order to pacify it, I will not hesitate to do so." --President Carlos Arana Osorio 1961 U.S. organizes force of 1400 anti-Castro Cubans, ships it to the Bahía de los Cochinos. Castro's army routs it. 1961 CIA-backed coup overthrows elected Pres. J. M. Velasco Ibarra of Ecuador, who has been too friendly with Cuba. 1962 CIA engages in campaign in Brazil to keep João Goulart from achieving control of Congress. 1963 CIA-backed coup overthrows elected social democrat Juan Bosch in the Dominican Republic. 1963 A far-right-wing coup in Guatemala, apparently U.S.-supported, forestalls elections in which "extreme leftist" Juan José Arévalo was favored to win. "It is difficult to develop stable and democratic government [in Guatemala], because so many of the nation's Indians are illiterate and superstitious." --School textbook, 1964 1964 João Goulart of Brazil proposes agrarian reform, nationalization of oil. Ousted by U.S.-supported military coup. ! 1964 The free market in Nicaragua: The Somoza family controls "about one-tenth of the cultivable land in Nicaragua, and just about everything else worth owning, the country's only airline, one television station, a newspaper, a cement plant, textile mill, several sugar refineries, half-a-dozen breweries and distilleries, and a Mercedes-Benz agency." --Life World Library 1965 A coup in the Dominican Republic attempts to restore Bosch's government. The U.S. invades and occupies the country to stop this "Communist rebellion," with the help of the dictators of Brazil, Paraguay, Honduras, and Nicaragua. "Representative democracy cannot work in a country such as the Dominican Republic," Bosch declares later. Now why would he say that? 1966 U.S. sends arms, advisors, and Green Berets to Guatemala to implement a counterinsurgency campaign. "To eliminate a few hundred guerrillas, the government killed perhaps 10,000 Guatemalan peasants." --State Dept. report on the program 1967 A team of Green Berets is sent to Bolivia to help find and assassinate Che Guevara. 1968 Gen. José Alberto Medrano, who is on the payroll of the CIA, organizes the ORDEN paramilitary force, considered the precursor of El Salvador's death squads. ! 1970 In this year (just as an example), U.S. investments in Latin America earn $1.3 billion; while new investments total $302 million. 1970 Salvador Allende Gossens elected in Chile. Suspends foreign loans, nationalizes foreign companies. For the phone system, pays ITT the company's minimized valuation for tax purposes. The CIA provides covert financial support for Allende's opponents, both during and after his election. 1972 U.S. stands by as military suspends an election in El Salvador in which centrist José Napoleón Duarte was favored to win. (Compare with the emphasis placed on the 1982 elections.) 1973 U.S.-supported military coup kills Allende and brings Augusto Pinochet Ugarte to power. Pinochet imprisons well over a hundred thousand Chileans (torture and rape are the usual methods of interrogation), terminates civil liberties, abolishes unions, extends the work week to 48 hours, and reverses Allende's land reforms. 1973 Military takes power in Uruguay, supported by U.S. The subsequent repression reportedly features the world's highest percentage of the population imprisoned for political reasons. 1974 Office of Public Safety is abolished when it is revealed that police are being taught torture techniques. ! 1976 Election of Jimmy Carter leads to a new emphasis on human rights in Central America. Carter cuts off aid to the Guatemalan military (or tries to; some slips through) and reduces aid to El Salvador. ! 1979 Ratification of the Panama Canal treaty which is to return the Canal to Panama by 1999. "Once again, Uncle Sam put his tail between his legs and crept away rather than face trouble." --Ronald Reagan 1980 A right-wing junta takes over in El Salvador. U.S. begins massively supporting El Salvador, assisting the military in its fight against FMLN guerrillas. Death squads proliferate; Archbishop Romero is assassinated by right-wing terrorists; 35,000 civilians are killed in 1978-81. The rape and murder of four U.S. churchwomen results in the suspension of U.S. military aid for one month. The U.S. demands that the junta undertake land reform. Within 3 years, however, the reform program is halted by the oligarchy. "The Soviet Union underlies all the unrest that is going on." --Ronald Reagan 1980 U.S., seeking a stable base for its actions in El Salvador and Nicaragua, tells the Honduran military to clean up its act and hold elections. The U.S. starts pouring in $100 million of aid a year and basing the contras on Honduran territory. Death squads are also active in Honduras, and the contras tend to act as a state within a state. 1981 The CIA steps in to organize the contras in Nicaragua, who started the previous year as a group of 60 ex-National Guardsmen; by 1985 there are about 12,000 of them. 46 of the 48 top military leaders are ex-Guardsmen. The U.S. also sets up an economic embargo of Nicaragua and pressures the IMF and the World Bank to limit or halt loans to Nicaragua. 1981 Gen. Torrijos of Panama is killed in a plane crash. There is a suspicion of CIA involvement, due to Torrijos' nationalism and friendly relations with Cuba. 1982 A coup brings Gen. Efraín Ríos Montt to power in Guatemala, and gives the Reagan administration the opportunity to increase military aid. Ríos Montt's evangelical beliefs do not prevent him from accelerating the counterinsurgency campaign. 1983 Another coup in Guatemala replaces Ríos Montt. The new President, Oscar Mejía Víctores, was trained by the U.S. and seems to have cleared his coup beforehand with U.S. authorities. 1983 U.S. troops take over tiny Granada. Rather oddly, it intervenes shortly after a coup has overthrown the previous, socialist leader. One of the justifications for the action is the building of a new airport with Cuban help, which Granada claimed was for tourism and Reagan argued was for Soviet use. Later the U.S. announces plans to finish the airport... to develop tourism. 1983 Boland Amendment prohibits CIA and Defense Dept. from spending money to overthrow the government of Nicaragua-- a law the Reagan administration cheerfully violates. 1984 CIA mines three Nicaraguan harbors. Nicaragua takes this action to the World Court, which brings an $18 billion judgment against the U.S. The U.S. refuses to recognize the Court's jurisdiction in the case. 1984 U.S. spends $10 million to orchestrate elections in El Salvador-- something of a farce, since left-wing parties are under heavy repression, and the military has already declared that it will not answer to the elected president. 1989 U.S. invades Panama to dislodge CIA boy gone wrong Manuel Noriega, an event which marks the evolution of the U.S.'s favorite excuse from Communism to drugs. 1996 The U.S. battles global Communism by extending most-favored-nation trading status for China, and tightening the trade embargo on Castro's Cuba. <a href="http://www.zompist.com/latam.html">www.zompist.com/latam.html</a> (sorry, it was written in 96 so it doesn't go beyond...besides, so much is covert anyway. Still working on YOUR list, there, slimmouse?

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 11:03 pm

overall list of interventions since 1798: 1798-1800 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp France &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Undeclared naval war against France, marines land in Puerto Plata. 1801-1805 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Tripoli &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp War with Tripoli (Libya), called “First Barbary War”. 1806 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Military force enters Spanish territory in headwaters of the Rio Grande. 1806-1810 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish and French in Caribbean &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US naval vessels attack French and Spanish shipping in the Caribbean. 1810 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish West Florida &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops invade and seize Western Florida, a Spanish possession. 1812 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish East Florida &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops seize Amelia Island and adjacent territories. 1812 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Britain &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp War of 1812, includes naval and land operations. 1813 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marquesas Island &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Forces seize Nukahiva and establish first US naval base in the Pacific. 1814 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish (East Florida) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops seize Pensacola in Spanish East Florida. 1814-1825 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp French, British and Spanish in Caribbean &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US naval squadron engages French, British and Spanish shipping in the Caribbean. 1815 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Algiers and Tripoli &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US naval fleet under Captain Stephen Decatur wages “Second Barbary War” in North Africa. 1816-1819 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish East Florida &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops attack and seize Nicholls’ Fort, Amelia Island and other strategic locations. Spain eventually cedes East Florida to the US. 1822-1825 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Spanish Cuba and Puerto Rico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in numerous cities in the Spanish island of Cuba and also in Spanish Puerto Rico. 1827 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Greece &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines invade the Greek islands of Argentiere, Miconi and Andross. 1831 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Falkland/Malvinas Islands &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US naval squadrons aggress the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. 1832 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Sumatra, Dutch East Indies &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US naval squadrons attack Qallah Battoo. 1833 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Argentina &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Forces land in Buenos Aires and engage local combatants. 1835-1836 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Peru &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops dispatched twice for counter-insurgency operations. 1836 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops assist Texas war for independence. 1837 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Canada &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval incident on the Canadian border leads to mobilization of a large force to invade Canada. War is narrowly averted. 1838 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Sumatra, Dutch East Indies &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US naval forces sent to Sumatra for punitive expedition. 1840-1841 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Fiji &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces deployed, marines land. 1841 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Samoa &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces deployed, marines land. 1842 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces temporarily seize cities of Monterey and San Diego. 1843 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Canton. 1843 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Ivory Coast &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1846-1848 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Full-scale war. Mexico cedes half of its territory to the US by the Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo. 1849 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Ottoman Empire (Turkey) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval force dispatched to Smyrna. 1852-1853 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Argentina &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Buenos Aires. 1854 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Navy bombards and largely destroys city of San Juan del Norte. Marines land and set fire to the city. 1854 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Japan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Commodore Perry and his fleet deploy at Yokohama. 1855 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Uruguay &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Montevideo. 1856 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Columbia (Panama Region) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land for counter-insurgency campaign. 1856 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines deployed in Canton. 1856 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hawaii &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces seize small islands of Jarvis, Baker and Howland in the Hawaiian Islands. 1857 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1858 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Uruguay &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Montevideo. 1858 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Fiji &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1859 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Paraguay &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Large naval force deployed. 1859 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops enter Shanghai. 1859 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Military force enters northern area. 1860 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Portuguese West Africa &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops land at Kissembo. 1860 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Columbia (Panama Region) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops and naval forces deployed. 1863 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Japan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops land at Shimonoseki. 1864 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Japan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops landed in Yedo. 1865 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Colombia (Panama Region) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines landed. 1866 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Colombia (Panama Region) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops invade and seize Matamoros, later withdraw. 1866 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Newchwang. 1867 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Managua and Leon in Nicaragua. 1867 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Formosa Island (Taiwan) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1867 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Midway Island &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces seize this island in the Hawaiian Archipelago for a naval base. 1868 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Japan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces deployed at Osaka, Hiogo, Nagasaki, Yokohama and Negata. 1868 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Uruguay &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land at Montevideo. 1870 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Columbia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines landed. 1871 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Korea &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Forces landed. 1873 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Columbia (Panama Region) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines landed. 1874 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hawaii &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Sailors and marines landed. 1876 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Army again occupies Matamoros. 1882 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp British Egypt &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops land. 1885 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Columbia (Panama Region) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops land in Colon and Panama City. 1885 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Samoa &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval force deployed. 1887 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hawaii &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Navy gains right to build permanent naval base at Pearl Harbor. 1888 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops landed. 1888 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Samoa &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines landed. 1889 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Samoa &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Clash with German naval forces. 1890 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Argentina &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US sailors land in Buenos Aires. 1891 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Chile &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US sailors land in the major port city of Valparaiso. 1891 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land on US-claimed Navassa Island. 1893 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hawaii &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines and other naval forces land and overthrow the monarchy. 1894 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land at Bluefields on the eastern coast. 1894-1895 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines are stationed at Tientsin and Beijing. A naval ship takes up position at Newchwang. 1894-1896 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Korea &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land and remain in Seoul. 1895 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Colombia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines are sent to the town Bocas del Toro. 1896 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in the port of Corinto. 1898 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land at the port city of San Juan del Sur. 1898 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Guam &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces seize Guam Island from Spain and the US holds the island permanently. 1898 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval and land forces seize Cuba from Spain. 1898 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Puerto Rico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval and land forces seize Puerto Rico from Spain and the US holds the island permanently. 1898 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Philippines &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces defeat the Spanish fleet and the US takes control of the country. 1899 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Philippines &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Military units are reinforced for extensive counter-insurgency operations. 1899 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Samoa &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces land 1899 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land at the port city of Bluefields. 1900 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US forces intervene in several cities. 1901 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Colombia/Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1902 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Colombia/Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US forces land in Bocas de Toro 1903 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Colombia/Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp With US backing, a group in northern Colombia declares independence as the state of Panama 1903 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Guam &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Navy begins development in Apra Harbor of a permanent base installation. 1903 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines go ashore at Puerto Cortez. 1903 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Dominican Republic &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Santo Domingo. 1904-1905 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Korea &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land and stay in Seoul. 1906-1909 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. The US builds a major naval base at Guantanamo Bay. 1907 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops seize major centers. 1907 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land and take up garrison in cities of Trujillo, Ceiba, Puerto Cortez, San Pedro, Laguna and Choloma. 1908 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land and carry out operations. 1910 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Bluefields and Corinto. 1911 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines intervene. 1911-1941 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp The US builds up its military presence in the country to a force of 5000 troops and a fleet of 44 vessels patrolling China's coast and rivers. 1912 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US sends army troops into combat in Havana. 1912 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Army troops intervene. 1912 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1912-1933 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines intervene. A 20-year occupation of the country follows. 1913 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land at Ciaris Estero. 1914 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Dominican Republic &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces engage in battles in the city of Santo Domingo. 1914 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US forces seize and occupy Mexico's major port city of Veracrus from April through November. 1915-1916 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Mexico &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp An expeditionary force of the US Army under Gen. John J. Pershing crosses the Texas border and penetrates several hundred miles into Mexican territory. Eventually reinforced to over 11,000 officers and men. 1914-1934 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops land, aerial bombardment leading to a 19-year military occupation. 1916-1924 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Dominican Republic &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Military intervention leading to 8-year occupation. 1917-1933 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Landing of naval forces. Beginning of a 15-year occupation. 1918-1920 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops intervene, remain on "police duty" for over 2 years. 1918-1922 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Russia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces and army troops fight battles in several areas of the country during a five- year period. 1919 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Yugoslavia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines intervene in Dalmatia. 1919 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1920 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Guatemala &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops intervene. 1922 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Turkey &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines engaged in operations in Smyrna (Izmir). 1922-1927 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces and troops deployed during 5-year period. 1924-1925 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops land twice in two-year period. 1925 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land and engage in operations. 1927-1934 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines and naval forces stationed throughout the country. 1932 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp El Salvador &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces intervene. 1933 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces deployed. 1934 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land in Foochow. 1946 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iran &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops deployed in northern province. 1946-1949 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp China &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Major US army presence of about 100,000 troops, fighting, training and advising local combatants. 1947-1949 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Greece &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US forces wage a 3-year counterinsurgency campaign. 1948 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Italy &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Heavy CIA involvement in national elections. 1948-1954 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Philippines &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Commando operations, "secret" CIA war. 1950-1953 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Korea &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Major forces engaged in war in Korean peninsula. 1953 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iran &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA overthrows government of Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh. 1954 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Vietnam &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Financial and materiel support for colonial French military operations, leads eventually to direct US military involvement. 1954 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Guatemala &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA overthrows the government of President Jacobo Arbenz Guzman. 1958 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Lebanon &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US marines and army units totaling 14,000 land. 1958 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Clashes between US forces in Canal Zone and local citizens. 1959 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. 1960 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Congo &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed overthrow and assassination of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba. 1960-1964 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Vietnam &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Gradual introduction of military advisors and special forces. 1961 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed Bay of Pigs invasion. 1962 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cuba &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nuclear threat and naval blockade. 1962 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Laos &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed military coup. 1963 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Ecuador &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA backs military overthrow of President Jose Maria Valesco Ibarra. 1964 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Clashes between US forces in Canal Zone and local citizens. 1964 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Brazil &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed military coup overthrows the government of Joao Goulart and Gen. Castello Branco takes power. 1965-1975 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Vietnam &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Large commitment of military forces, including air, naval and ground units numbering up to 500,000+ troops. Full-scale war, lasting for ten years. 1965 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Indonesia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed army coup overthrows President Sukarno and brings Gen. Suharto to power. 1965 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Congo &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA backed military coup overthrows President Joseph Kasavubu and brings Joseph Mobutu to power. 1965 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Dominican Republic &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp 23,000 troops land. 1965-1973 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Laos &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Bombing campaign begin, lasting eight years. 1966 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Ghana &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed military coup ousts President Kwame Nkrumah. 1966-1967 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Guatemala &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Extensive counter-insurgency operation. 1969-1975 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cambodia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA supports military coup against Prince Sihanouk, bringing Lon Nol to power. Intensive bombing for seven years along border with Vietnam. 1970 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Oman &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Counter-insurgency operation, including coordination with Iranian marine invasion. 1971-1973 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Laos &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Invasion by US and South Vietnames forces. 1973 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Chile &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed military coup ousts government of President Salvador Allende. Gen. Augusto Pinochet comes to power. 1975 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Cambodia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land, engage in combat with government forces. 1976-1992 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Angola &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Military and CIA operations. 1980 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iran &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Special operations units land in Iranian desert. Helicopter malfunction leads to aborting of planned raid. 1981 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Libya &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval jets shoot down two Libyan jets in maneuvers over the Mediterranean. 1981-1992 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp El Salvador &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA and special forces begin a long counterinsurgency campaign. 1981-1990 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Nicaragua &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA directs exile "Contra" operations. US air units drop sea mines in harbors. 1982-1984 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Lebanon &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land and naval forces fire on local combatants. 1983 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Grenada &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Military forces invade Grenada. 1983-1989 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Honduras &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Large program of military assistance aimed at conflict in Nicaragua. 1984 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iran &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Two Iranian jets shot down over the Persian Gulf. 1986 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Libya &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp US aircraft bomb the cities of Tripoli and Benghazi, including direct strikes at the official residence of President Muamar al Qadaffi. 1986 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Bolivia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Special Forces units engage in counter-insurgency. 1987-1988 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iran &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval forces block Iranian shipping. Civilian airliner shot down by missile cruiser. 1989 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Libya &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Naval aircraft shoot down two Libyan jets over Gulf of Sidra. 1989 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Philippines &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA and Special Forces involved in counterinsurgency. 1989-1990 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Panama &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp 27,000 troops as well as naval and air power used to overthrow government of President Noriega. 1990 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Liberia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops deployed. 1990-1991 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iraq &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Major military operation, including naval blockade, air strikes; large number of troops attack Iraqi forces in occupied Kuwait. 1991-2003 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iraq &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Control of Iraqi airspace in north and south of the country with periodic attacks on air and ground targets. 1991 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp CIA-backed military coup ousts President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. 1992-1994 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Somalia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Special operations forces intervene. 1992-1994 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Yugoslavia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Major role in NATO blockade of Serbia and Montenegro. 1993-1995 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Bosnia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Active military involvement with air and ground forces. 1994-1996 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops depose military rulers and restore President Jean-Bertrand Aristide to office. 1995 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Croatia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Krajina Serb airfields attacked. 1996-1997 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Zaire (Congo) &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines involved in operations in eastern region of the country. 1997 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Liberia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Troops deployed. 1998 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Sudan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Air strikes destroy country's major pharmaceutical plant. 1998 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Afghanistan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Attack on targets in the country. 1998 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iraq &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Four days of intensive air and missile strikes. 1999 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Yugoslavia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Major involvement in NATO air strikes. 2001 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Macedonia &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp NATO troops shift and partially disarm Albanian rebels. 2001 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Afghanistan &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Air attacks and ground operations oust Taliban government and install a new regime. 2003 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iraq &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Invasion with large ground, air and naval forces ousts government of Saddam Hussein and establishes new government. 2003-present &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Iraq &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Occupation force of 150,000 troops in protracted counter-insurgency war 2004 &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Haiti &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Marines land. CIA-backed forces overthrow President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. <a href="http://www.globalpolicy.org/empire/history/interventions.htm">www.globalpolicy.org/empi...ntions.htm</a> You starting to get the point? Now, if you want to argue that Israel was somehow behind all THESE interventions...

Dreams End · Post by **Dreams End** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 11:09 pm

While slimmouse is hard at work on his list, here is a flash animation that revisits the sordid history of all sorts of U.S. interventions, including covert. <a href="http://adbusters.org/media/flash/hope_and_memory/flash.html">adbusters.org/media/flash...flash.html</a> (I heard some funky stuff about adbusters...I think they even had some kind of "Jew listing" one time or some such idiocy. So this is no endorsement of their work...but is a graphical presentation of the above lists. Someone with more info on adbusters, please feel free to let us know.)

glubglubglub · Post by **glubglubglub** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 11:22 pm

to take the down king it's easiest if you nab the henchmen first; similar, but not the same as, going after the lower-ranking fellows in a criminal investigation in the hopes they'll turn on the higher-ups...

scottishrite · Post by **scottishrite** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 11:23 pm

DE, Mossad are looking for smart guys lke you. To be a passenger in an exploding bus. It really doesn't matter how warlike Americans can be, the current wars are being fought for israel. It's the predominantly Jewish PNAC and their American employess that shout louder for war than anyone else. Two thousand American lives is the price they are happy to pay for a Greater Isreal.

slimmouse · Post by **slimmouse** » Sat Jan 21, 2006 11:48 pm

Thanks for the lists. I guess i might copy and paste them, but whats the point - I get the general idea and take the point. However Im more interested in your particular beef with Finkelstein. And youre refusal to understand a few home truths about how we sit on the cusp of some serious crap courtesy of a Rothschild fiefdom. Im interested in attempting to explain how such elites work - Banking, Big Oil, and the MI complex. And Im also interested in people and peace. That usually takes me to the middle East, and strangely enough to Israel. I hope you dont mind me indulging in this topic, given that the thread is one concerning Finkelstein - A voice of sanity amidst a rabidly zionist infested country of Bible Bashers and big business, and generally ignorant, brainwashed selfish gits. - Present company generally excepted. You see until people in your country understand some of the realities of the Arab Israel conflict more clearly - namely how some 3/4s of a million Palestinian people were ethnically cleansed to set the stage for todays grand chessboard, and until people can actually come to terms with these truths, as Finkelstein is taking great pains to attempt to expose, despite the ramblings of accepted academic revisionists such as Alan take- the -silver- you -fucking -whore Dershowitz, and people like Daniel ' campus watch' Pipes and other ADL vipers then the entire charade will continue unabated. Anti defamation league. Was an organisation ever more suitably named given the team in charge, since they actually spend their entire lives defaming people I guess theyve got some excellent tutors though. Bush Srs 'war on drugs', and jrs 'War on terror' are interesting comparisons. And finally, just in case you feel im missing a piece of the jigsaw puzzle here, I dont have to hand the masses and masses of info that you seemingly and readily do on any number of subjects, since if I did, I might actually begin where all roads on the latest 4th Reich hunt ultimately lead to, and rhyme off page after page of British atrocities.

rigorousintuition.ca

New Norman Finklestein article: Boycott Israel l

Re: back to the thread - economic boycott

"Pray for Darkness"

ir: he's asking the EU because it's illegal in the US

Re: ir: he's asking the EU because it's illegal in the US

DE: what, and be called unamerican?

Thats easy

Re: Thats easy

A nice compromise.

Re: A nice compromise.

Re: A nice compromise.

Re: A nice compromise.

Re: A nice compromise.

never confuse morality with pragmatism

re

Nice lists.